What is a Dog Crate and Why Do I Want to Use One?

by Boyd Harrell, DVM

Dog crates come in many shapes, sizes and forms ranging anywhere from a simple wire enclosure to decorative furniture pieces. Regardless of the outward appearance of a crate it basically is enclosure with a top bottom four sides and a door. Crates are commonly used by pet professionals such as breeders, trainers, show handlers, groomers and veterinarians. These people know the value of a crate and how to use it properly.

Many individual dog owners however have misconceptions about using a dog crate. They feel it is cruel and unusual punishment when in fact with proper use and training it is exactly the opposite. Most dog owners who shun crates do so because they try to humanize their dog. They see a dog crate more like a jail cell, a form of punishment. Dogs though are not human and they don’t think like humans nor do they have the same social framework that we do.

So to you a dog crate may seem like a jail, and to a dog it can be more like a security blanket, a place of safety. Although dogs have been domesticated and living within our homes for hundreds and hundreds of years, all members of the canine family whether they be wild or household family members descended from the same family tree and have similar social needs and rules. Dogs in the wild will raise and protect their family within a den which is usually created by tunneling into the ground and digging out an area of just large enough to comfortably accommodate the family. A den is a place of safety from enemies, a shelter from the elements, a place to call home.

The more closely we can simulate a den environment the more likely we are to create a comfortable safe haven for our dog. To simulate a den one of the things we want to do is to provide an area just large enough for the dog to stand and comfortably lay down. Like in the natural den, this closeness provides a feeling of security and safety. It is important for dogs in the wild keep the den clean, in part because it has such a small space. The same is true when a dog is confined to a crate. The less unused area there is in a crate, the less likely a dog is to eliminate in the crate. If you have a growing puppy then you should plan to either change crate sizes as your puppy grows or you may choose to partition off a part of the crate until your puppy needs more room to be comfortable.

If you choose to use a wire crate or some other crate with open sides, cover the top and sides with a sheet or blanket leaving only the door with no visual barrier. The position of the sheet or blanket can be adjusted as needed to provide adequate ventilation. The purpose of covering the sides and top is to simulate being in a closed natural den where your pet can relax and feel safe.

There are some basic rules that need to be followed when crate training your dog.

• The crate is not to be used as a form of punishment.
• A dog should never be scolded while in the crate.
• The crate should be located in relatively quiet “people area” of the home like a kitchen or a den.
• Children and visitors should not bother or distract a dog that is in a crate.
• A soft bed or a comfortable pad should be provided to rest on.
• A water bowl should be available if the pet is to be left in the crate for any extended period of time. Providing a chew stick or favorite toy is a good idea too!
• The crate is to be kept in immaculate condition at all times. If food or water is spilled or if a pet eliminates within the crate it needs to be cleaned, dried and fresh bedding provided before it is used again.

When the crate is properly used and has many advantages for both you and your pet.

• You can feel comfortable that when you leave your dog alone things cysts in your house will be destroyed or soiled.
• When repairmen, guests or active children may cause your dog excitement or anxiety the crate can provide a source of comfort and security.
• Crate training can speed up housebreaking your dog by using the close confinement to encourage control. It is extremely important however that we establish a regular routine for walks and that we don’t leave either of puppy or an adult dog in the crate beyond reasonable expectations for elimination control.
• Because most crates are portable they make car travel safer and can provide a comfortable familiar home for your pet while camping or visiting friends or family.
• Your dog will have a safe, secure, private area to retreat to when stressed or tired.

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3. Pets are Good for the Whole family
4. 10 Tips to Keep Your Pet Healthy